Commonwealth 9 &/1% 31n9(31>1)&% 4,3% +(6)(4(-*)&% -*H(&*<% ();1+&>1)&% =7% 4,31(6)13+% ()% >()13*<% H3,-1++()6% 4*-(<(&(1+% *)'B%*+%+9-/B%4,3%&/1>%&,%/*;1%>*)*61>1)&%-,)&3,<%,;13B%*)'%631*&13%31&93)+%43,>B%&/,+1%4*-(<(&(1+M%% F&-'B,&!M7=().'%)-*$! F)1%,4%&/1%>*()%-,)+('13*&(,)+%,4%&/1%2,93&m+%'1-(+(,)%()%4()'()6%&/*&%&/1%I0!!%H3,;(+(,)+%,4%&/1% "()()6% !-&% *)'% &/1% ?"2#% I0!!% *31% 9)-,)+&(&9&(,)*<% .*+% &/1% 2,93&m+% ;(1.% &/*&% ./(<1% &/1% "()()6% !-&% *)'% &/1% ?"2#% I0!!% 9+1% &/1% 1CH31++(,)% p4()*)-(*<% *)'% &1-/)(-*<% *6311>1)&+s% ()% *--,3'*)-1% .(&/% &/1% 2,)+&(&9&(,)B% &/1% ?"2#% I0!!% *)'% &/,+1% *6311>1)&+% H3,H,+1'% =7% &/1% "()()6%!-&%*31%+13;(-1%-,)&3*-&+%&/*&%63*)&%=1)14(-(*<%,.)13+/(H%&,%4,31(6)%-,)&3*-&,3+%*)'%*31% &/1314,31%-,)&3*37%&,%&/1%2,)+&(&9&(,)M% @(;1)%&/1%=*+(+%,4%&/1%2,93&m+%'1-(+(,)B%&/131%(+%*%H13-1H&(,)%&/*&%&/1%,(<%*)'%6*+%+1-&,3%*)'%&/1% -1>1)&%()'9+&37%()%&/1%#/(<(HH()1+%*31%<(J1<7%&,%=1%631*&<7%*441-&1'M%0/1%4,3>%,4%,(<%*)'%6*+%+13;(-1% -,)&3*-&%9+1'%()%&/1%#/(<(HH()1+%>*7%.1<<%=1%-/*<<1)61'%()%<(6/&%,4%&/1%39<()6+%,4%&/1%2,93&M%`)%&/1% -*+1%,4%-1>1)&%-,>H*)(1+B%*%)9>=13%,4%4,31(6)%,.)1'%-,>H*)(1+%*31%=1<(1;1'%&,%,H13*&1%9)'13% >()13*<% H3,-1++()6% H13>(&+B% &/1% 4,3>% ,4% ./(-/% .*+B% *+% ),&1'% *=,;1B% *<+,% /1<'% &,% =1% ();*<('M% `);*<('(&7%,4%+9-/%*6311>1)&+%,3%H13>(&+B%/,.1;13B%.(<<%),&%=1%*9&,>*&(-M%GH1-(4(-%*-&(,)%*6*()+&% 1*-/%63*)&1'%*6311>1)&%,3%H13>(&%(+%)1-1++*37M% C-*.(#$)-*! `)%-,)-<9+(,)B%(4%&/1%2,93&m+%'1-(+(,)%(+%(>H<1>1)&1'%(&%.(<<%1<(>()*&1%&/1%H,++(=(<(&7%,4%4,31(6)% ();1+&,3+% ,.)()6% VPP{% ,4% *% >()()6% H3,k1-&% ()% &/1% #/(<(HH()1+% 9)'13% *)% I0!!M% `&% .(<<% *<+,% 1<(>()*&1%&/1%H,++(=(<(&7%,4%1CH<,3*&(,)%H13>(&+%*)'%>()13*<%H3,'9-&(,)%H3,-1++()6%H13>(&+%=1()6% VPP{% 4,31(6)% ,.)1'M% a,.1;13B% *+% ),&1'% *=,;1B% &/1% '1-(+(,)% (+% ),&% 71&% 1441-&(;1% *)'% (&% (+% 9)'13+&,,'%&/*&%*%)9>=13%,4%H*3&(1+%/*;1%4(<1'%>,&(,)+%4,3%31-,)+('13*&(,)M%G/,9<'%&/1+1%>,&(,)+% 4,3%31-,)+('13*&(,)%4*(<%*)'%&/1%'1-(+(,)%=1-,>1%1441-&(;1%(&%.(<<%/*;1%+(6)(4(-*)&%(>H*-&%,)%4,31(6)% ();1+&>1)&%()%&/1%#/(<(HH()1+M% % CEIIE:R0"3JP! JP0!I+0J!+06M0R!W!@+E@EL0K!+0OE+IL!JE!JP0!+0:0R"F30!0:0+SN! 30SML3"JME:!! M*%&-B#.%)-*! 0/1%3","6+C/"(F,"$AO(KF/">#$&>&#OM(2>#([;;;(N&/1%!-&R%/*+%=11)%>11&()6%(&+%,=k1-&(;1+%*--,3'()6% &,%&/1%31-1)&%81H,3&%=7%&/1%"*)'*&,37%81)1.*=<1%5)1367%0*361&%N"850R%#*)1*J1+%*%;*3(1&7%,4%31-,>>1)'*&(,)+%*)'%+9661+&1'%314,3>+%&,%&/1%"850%+-/1>1M%% 0/(+%*3&(-<1%=3(14<7%,9&<()1+%+,>1%,4%&/1%J17%31-,>>1)'*&(,)+%>*'1%=7%&/1%#*)1+%&,%!9+&3*<(*m+%31)1.*=<1%1)1367%316(>1M% F'.U1&-#*B! 0/1%#*)1<%/*+%31<1*+1'%(&+%81H,3&B%1)&(&<1'%p81)1.*=<1%FHH,3&9)(&(1+B%!%81;(1.%,4%&/1%FH13*&(,)% ,4% &/1% 3","6+C/"( F,"$AO( KF/">#$&>&#OM( 2>#( [;;;\M( ( 0/(+% 81H,3&( .*+% -,>>(++(,)1'% H93+9*)&% &,% +1-&(,)%VYO%,4%&/1%!-&%./(-/%31n9(31'%&/*&%*)%()'1H1)'1)&%31;(1.%,4%&/1%,H13*&(,)%,4%&/1%!-&%*)'% &/1%"850%G-/1>1%=1%9)'13&*J1)%&.,%71*3+%*4&13%&/1%-,>>1)-1>1)&%,4%&/1%!-&M% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% "(-/*1<% "*-@()<17B% #*3&)13B% 2,33+% 2/*>=13+% ?1+&6*3&/B% A3(+=*)1% *)'% 2*>13,)% a,<<17B% @3*'9*&1B% 2,33+%2/*>=13+%?1+&6*3&/%A3(+=*)1M% 0/1%81H,3&%.*+%&*=<1'%()%&/1%2,>>,).1*<&/%#*3<(*>1)&%,)%VY%T*)9*37%OPPQM% ! %% %% V 10 Recent Developments (2004) 23 ARELJ % :)'13%&/1%-9331)&%"850%+-/1>1%./,<1+*<1%H93-/*+13+%,4%1<1-&3(-(&7%*31%31n9(31'%&,%-,<<1-&(;1<7% -,)&3(=9&1%&,.*3'+%&/1%61)13*&(,)%,4%*)%*''(&(,)*<%WBZPP%@?/%,4%31)1.*=<1%1)1367%*))9*<<7%=7% OPVPB%.(&/%&/1%+-/1>1%-1*+()6%()%OPOPM% I,3%&/1%"850%+-/1>1B%&3*'1*=<1%81)1.*=<1%5)1367%213&(4(-*&1+%N852+R%*31%-31*&1'%,)%&/1%=*+(+% ,4% 1<(6(=<1% 31)1.*=<1% 1)1367% 61)13*&(,)M% % 5*-/% 852% (+% 1n9(;*<1)&% &,% V% "?/% ,4% 31)1.*=<1% 61)13*&(,)M%%5*-/%71*3%*%<(*=<1%1)&(&7B%./(-/%(+%*%H13+,)%./,%>*J1+%*%./,<1+*<1%*-n9(+(&(,)%,4% 1<1-&3(-(&7% '93()6% *% 71*3B% (+% 31n9(31'% &,% +9331)'13% *% -13&*()% )9>=13% ,4% 852+% N-*<-9<*&1'% *+% *% H31+-3(=1'%H13-1)&*61%,4%1<1-&3(-(&7%+9HH<(1'%&,%&/1%<(*=<1%1)&(&7R%,3%H*7%*%p+/,3&4*<<%-/*361s%+1&%*&% lQP%H13%852%),&%+9331)'131'M% 81-,>>1)'*&(,)+%H3,H,+1'%=7%&/1%#*)11)'>1)&+%&,%&/1%"850%G-/1>1%()-<9'1]% "# "# "# "# "# 1C&1)'()6%&/1%"850%+-/1>1%*)'%()-31*+()6%&/1%"850%&*361&+f% ()'1C()6%&/1%+/,3&4*<<%-/*361%&,%&/1%2,)+9>13%#3(-1%`)'1Cf%% *>1)'()6%&/1%H3,-1++%,4%-31*&()6%*)'%+9331)'13()6%852+f% H3,;('()6%)1.%31n9(31>1)&+%4,3%&/1%H9=<(-*&(,)%,4%()4,3>*&(,)f%%*)'% *<<,.()6%H3,;(+(,)*<%*--31'(&*&(,)%,4%H,.13%+&*&(,)+M% 0X%,*B)*1!%A,!I+0J!L.A,7,!'*B!M*.&,'$)*1!%A,!I+0J!J'&1,%$!!! 0/1%#*)1*()&*()+%&/*&%&/1%-9331)&%()&13(>%&*361&+%*)'%&/1%WBZPP%@?/%&*361&%+/,9<'% 31>*()%9)-/*)61'%H3(,3%&,%OPVPM%%`)%*''(&(,)B%&/1%#*)1<%/*+%H3,H,+1'%*)%1C&1)+(,)%&,%&/1%"850% +-/1>1%*)'%*)%()-31*+1%&,%&/1%"850%&*361&+%()%&/1%4,<<,.()6%&13>+]% "# "# "# *)%()-31*+1%()%&/1%"850%&*361&+%&,%-,)&()91%=17,)'%OPVP%*&%*%3*&1%1n9*<%&,%&/1%3*&1%=14,31% OPVPB%*)'%&,%+&*=(<(+1%*&%OPBPPP%@?/%()%OPOPf% &/1%"850%+-/1>1%1)'%'*&1%(+%&,%=1%1C&1)'1'%=17,)'%OPOP%+,%&/*&%31)1.*=<1%1)1367%43,>% H3,k1-&+%-,>>1)-()6%*4&13%OPPZ%31-1(;1%852+%4,3%*%49<<%VZ%71*3%H13(,'M%0/(+%.(<<%1C&1)'%&/1% "850%+-/1>1%&,%*&%<1*+&%OPSZf%*)'% H31\1C(+&()6%61)13*&,3+%*)'%H3,k1-&+%-,>>(++(,)1'%=14,31%&/1%1)'%,4%OPPZ%&,%31-1(;1%852+% ,)<7%9)&(<%OPOPM% !--,3'()6%&,%&/1%#*)11%();1+&>1)&%()%31)1.*=<1%1)1367%.,9<'%=1%<(J1<7%&,%-1*+1%*4&13%OPPXM%%0/(+% .*+% H3(>*3(<7% '91% &,% &/1% -*H*-(&7% &,% >11&% &/1% OPVP% &*361&% ,4% WZPP% @?/% /*;()6% *<31*'7% =11)% ()+&*<<1'M% % F)% &/(+% =*+(+B% *+% &/1% +&9'(1+% +/,.1'% *% >()(>9>% ,4% VZ% 71*3+% (+% 61)13*<<7% )11'1'% &,% 31-,9H%();1+&>1)&+%()%&7H(-*<%31)1.*=<1%1)1367%H3,k1-&+B%&/1%-9331)&%4<*&%3*&1%&*361&%,4%WBZPP%@?/% *)'% 1)'% '*&1% ,4% OPOP% .,9<'% >,+&% <(J1<7% &/.*3&% &/1% VZ% 71*3% H*7=*-J% H13(,'% )1-1++*37% 4,3% ();1+&>1)&+M%% 0/1% 31-,>>1)'1'% 1C&1)+(,)% &,% &/1% "850% G-/1>1% *)'% &/1% ()-31*+1% &,% &/1% "850% &*361&+% *31% '1+(6)1'%&,%*++(+&%()%-31*&()6%&/1%)1-1++*37%();1+&>1)&%&,%+9+&*()%&/1%31)1.*=<1%1)1367%()'9+&37% *)'%*-/(1;1%()-31*+()6%-,>>13-(*<%;(*=(<(&7M% ?(&/%&/1%#*)1>1)'1'%*HH3,*-/B%31)1.*=<1%1)1367%H3,k1-&+%.(<<%=1%69*3*)&11'%*%VZ%71*3% H13(,'%()%./(-/%&,%H3,'9-1%852+M%%#3,k1-&+%.,9<'%&/1)%=1%*<<,-*&1'%*%)1.%=*+1<()1B%H31+9>*=<7% -*<-9<*&1'% ()% *% >*))13% +(>(<*3% &,% &/*&% -9331)&<7% 1+&*=<(+/1'% 9)'13% &/1% 3","6+C/"( F,"$AO( KF/">#$&>&#OM(3"A8/+#&%,([;;;%N&/1%8169<*&(,)RM%%0/1%*<<,-*&(,)%,4%)1.%=*+1<()1+%*4&13%VZ%71*3+%(+% ()&1)'1'% &,% H3,;('1% *)% ()-31*+1'% ()-1)&(;1% 4,3% 61)13*&,3+% &/*&% /*;1% 31-1(;1'% VZ% 71*3+% ,4% 852% 31;1)91%&,%();1+&%()%-,+&%1441-&(;1%144(-(1)-7%(>H3,;1>1)&+%()%,3'13%&,%1C-11'%&/1(3%)1.%=*+1<()1+M%% % % % Commonwealth 11 M*B,X)*1!%A,!LA-&%G'((!CA'&1,! 29331)&<7B%&/1%+/,3&4*<<%-/*361%,4%lQP%(+%),&%()'1C1'M%%0/1%#*)1<%/*+%31-,>>1)'1'%&/*&%(&%31>*()% 4(C1'%*&%lQP%9)&(<%OPVPM%%0/131*4&13%(&%31-,>>1)'+%&/*&%(&%=1%()'1C1'%&,%&/1%2,)+9>13%#3(-1%`)'1C% =1&.11)%OPVP%*)'%OPOPM% `)% &/1% #*)17B% ,&/13.(+1% *;,('% 1<1-&3(-(&7% 31&*(<13+% ,H&()6% &,% H*7% *% -,)+&*)&% lQP% +/,3&4*<<% -/*361% ()+&1*'% ,4% *-n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n9(31'%&,%'(+-<,+1%*<<,-*&1'%=*+1<()1+%&,%*)7,)1%,&/13%&/*)%&/1%31<1;*)&% 61)13*&,3M% % 0/1% #*)1<% /*+% 31-,>>1)'1'B% ()% &/1% ()&131+&+% ,4% (>H3,;()6% &/1% &3*)+H*31)-7% ,4% &/1% "850%+-/1>1B%&/*&%F858%=1%*=<1%&,%H9=<(+/%=*+1<()1+%*+%.1<<%*+%()4,3>*&(,)%316*3'()6]% "# "# "# "# "# &,&*<%1<(6(=<1%61)13*&(,)%&/*&%,--9331'%()%&/1%>*3J1&%1*-/%71*3f% &,&*<%)9>=13%,4%852+%-31*&1'%1*-/%71*3f% &,&*<%*-&9*<%>*3J1&%<(*=(<(&7%1*-/%71*3f% &,&*<%)9>=13%,4%852+%+9331)'131'%&,%,44+1&%&/*&%<(*=(<(&7f%*)'% ()'(;('9*<%+/,3&4*<<+%*)'%&/1%H3,H,3&(,)%,4%&/,+1%+/,3&4*<<+%31<*&(;1%&,%&/1(3%<(*=(<(&7M%% `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k1-&+%.(&/%*%;(1.%&,% H3,;('()6%pH3,;(+(,)*<%*--31'(&*&(,)sM%%0/1%*++1++>1)&+%.,9<'%=1%',)1%,)%&/1%=*+(+%,4%()4,3>*&(,)% J),.)% *&% &/1% &(>1% ,4% &/1% *HH<(-*&(,)% *)'% +9=k1-&% &,% &/1% H3,H,)1)&% +*&(+47()6% &/1% 1<(6(=(<(&7% 31n9(31>1)&+M%%% 12 Recent Developments (2004) 23 ARELJ % `4%&/(+%H3,H,+*<%(+%*',H&1'B%H3,+H1-&(;1%61)13*&,3+%.(<<%/*;1%&/1%=1)14(&%,4%+1-93()6%*--31'(&*&(,)% H3(,3%&,%()-933()6%&/1%-,+&%,4%-,)+&39-&()6%&/1%H,.13%+&*&(,)M%%0/(+%.,9<'%=1%H*3&(-9<*3<7%;*<9*=<1%&,% &/,+1% H3,H,)1)&+% ,4% H3,k1-&+% &/*&% .,9<'% ),&% /*;1% =11)% -,>>13-(*<<7% ;(*=<1% ()% &/1% *=+1)-1% ,4% "850%1<(6(=(<(&7M% C-*.(#$)-*! 0/1%#*)11%/*+%H3,H,+1'%)9>13,9+%314,3>+M%%`&%31>*()+% &,% =1% +11)% (4B% *)'% /,.B% &/1% 6,;13)>1)&% .(<<% +11J% &,% (>H<1>1)&% &/1+1% 31-,>>1)'*&(,)+M% % !)% *)),9)-1>1)&%316*3'()6%&/1%#*)1>1)'*&(,)+%(+%1CH1-&1'%+,>1&(>1%*4&13%"*3-/%OPPQ%*+% H*3&% ,4% *% >*k,3% p1<1-&(,)% 71*3s% 1)1367% H,<(-7% +&*&1>1)&% &,% =1% >*'1% =7% #3(>1% "()(+&13% T,/)% a,.*3'M% S"L!"CC0LL!+0SMI0!+06M0R!W!M:MJM"3!OM:KM:SL!EO!JP0!@+EKQCJM6MJN! CEIIMLLME:Y! M*%&-B#.%)-*! F)%VZ%D1-1>=13%OPPSB%&/1%#3,'9-&(;(&7%2,>>(++(,)V%N2,>>(++(,)R%31<1*+1'%*%'3*4&%31H,3&%,)%(&+% 31;(1.%,4%&/1%p@*+%!--1++%816(>1sMO% 0/1%2,>>(++(,)%/*+%();(&1'%.3(&&1)%+9=>(++(,)+%,)%(&+%'3*4&%31H,3&%*)'%()&1)'+%&,%/,<'%*%+13(1+%,4% H9=<(-%/1*3()6+%-,>>1)-()6%()%>('%"*3-/%OPPQM%%`&%(+%*)&(-(H*&1'%&/1%4()*<%31H,3&%.(<<%=1%31<1*+1'% ()%T9)1%OPPQM% RA'%!)$!%A,!ZS'$!"..,$$!+,1)7,[\! 0/1%p@*+%!--1++%816(>1s%+9=k1-&%&,%&/1%31;(1.%(+%&/1%G+#&%,+/(B-&$.(!+$#O(2>>"00(3"A&'"(7%$( G+#8$+/( I+0( !&*"/&,"0MS% 0/(+% 316(>1% .*+% 1+&*=<(+/1'% ()% VWWX% =7% *6311>1)&% =1&.11)% &/1% 2,>>,).1*<&/%*)'%1*-/%G&*&1%*)'%0133(&,37%6,;13)>1)&M% 0/1%,=k1-&(;1+%,4%&/1%<16(+<*&(,)%9)'13<7()6%&/1%@*+%!--1++%816(>1%.*+%&,%1+&*=<(+/%*%)*&(,)*<% 316(>1% &/*&% *<<,.1'% &/(3'% H*3&(1+% &,% *--1++% -13&*()% 6*+% &3*)+>(++(,)% *)'% '(+&3(=9&(,)% H(H1<()1% +7+&1>+%./131%*--1++%.,9<'%,&/13.(+1%=1%-,)+&3*()1'%'91%&,%&/1%>(+9+1%,4%>*3J1&%H,.13%=7%&/1% H(H1<()1%,.)13M%%`)%&/(+%.*7B%(&%.*+%()&1)'1'%&/*&%&/1%316(>1%.,9<'%H3,>,&1%-,>H1&(&(;1%>*3J1&+% 4,3%6*+M% @#&=-$,!-G!%A,!+,H),4! 0/1%H3(>*37%H93H,+1%,4%&/1%2,>>(++(,)m+%31;(1.%.*+%&,]% p1C*>()1%&/1%1C&1)&%&,%./(-/%-9331)&%6*+%*--1++%*33*)61>1)&+%=*<*)-1%&/1%()&131+&+%,4% 31<1;*)&%H*3&(1+B%H3,;('1%*%43*>1.,3J%&/*&%1)*=<1+%144(-(1)&%();1+&>1)&%()%)1.%H(H1<()1%*)'% )1&.,3J%()43*+&39-&931%*)'%-*)%*++(+&%()%4*-(<(&*&()6%*%-,>H1&(&(;1%>*3J1&%4,3%)*&93*<%6*+sMQ% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% _*&/13()1%@3*44B%G1)(,3%!++,-(*&1B%2,33+%2/*>=13+%?1+&6*3&/B%A3(+=*)1M% 0/1% 2,>>(++(,)% (+% *)% ()'1H1)'1)&% *61)-7% 1+&*=<(+/1'% 9)'13% <16(+<*&(,)% ./(-/% (+% 9+1'% =7% &/1% 2,>>,).1*<&/% 6,;13)>1)&% *+% (&+% H3()-(H<1% 31;(1.% *)'% *';(+,37% =,'7% ,)% >*&&13+% -,)-13)()6% >(-3,1-,),>(-%H,<(-7%*)'%3169<*&(,)M%%`&%-,)'9-&+%H9=<(-%()n9(3(1+%*)'%9)'13&*J1+%31+1*3-/%()&,%*%=3,*'% 3*)61%,4%1-,),>(-%*)'%+,-(*<%(++91+B%()-<9'()6%-,>H1&(&(,)%H,<(-7%*)'%1-,),>(-%()43*+&39-&931M% 0/1%31H,3&%(+%1)&(&<1'%p81;(1.%,4%&/1%@*+%!--1++%816(>1s%*)'%(+%*;*(<*=<1%,)%&/1%2,>>(++(,)m+%`)&13)1&% +(&1%*&%/&&H]^^...MH-M6,;M*9^()n9(37^6*+^()'1CM/&>>"00(K]8"",0/+,.M(2>#(:^^_M% %% #*61%`U%,4%&/1%D3*4&%81H,3&B%H,()&%```%,4%&/1%013>+%,4%814131)-1%4,3%&/1%31;(1.M% % % %