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Sweeney, Bonny E. --- "Defining Antitrust Violations in the United States" [2012] ELECD 845; in Foer, A. Albert; Stutz, M. Randy (eds), "Private Enforcement of Antitrust Law in the United States" (Edward Elgar Publishing, 2012)

Book Title: Private Enforcement of Antitrust Law in the United States

Editor(s): Foer, A. Albert; Stutz, M. Randy

Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing

ISBN (hard cover): 9780857939593

Section: Chapter 1

Section Title: Defining Antitrust Violations in the United States

Author(s): Sweeney, Bonny E.

Number of pages: 29

Extract:

1 Defining antitrust violations in the United States
Bonny E. Sweeney1


§ 1.01 Introduction
§ 1.02 Restraints of trade: Agreements that restrict competition
1.02.1 "Contract, combination, or conspiracy"
1.02.2 Affecting interstate or foreign commerce
1.02.3 Unreasonably restrains competition
1.02.4 Rule of reason vs. per se analysis
1.02.5 Horizontal restraints
1.02.5(a) Cartels
1.02.5(b) Joint ventures
1.02.5(c) Concerted refusals to deal
1.02.5(d) Mergers and acquisitions
1.02.6 Vertical agreements
1.02.6(a) Hub-and-spoke price-fixing agreements
1.02.6(b) Resale price maintenance
1.02.6(c) Non-price vertical agreements
1.02.6(d) Tying arrangements
§ 1.03 Single firm conduct
1.03.1 Elements of a § 2 monopolization claim
1.03.1(a) Monopoly power in a relevant market
1.03.1(b) Acquired, enhanced, or maintained
through exclusionary conduct
1.03.2 Examples of potentially exclusionary conduct
1.03.3 Elements of a § 2 attempted monopolization claim
1.03.4 Price discrimination
§ 1.04 State law
§ 1.05 Exempt industries
§ 1.06 Conclusion

§ 1.01 Introduction

Private lawsuits have played a critical role in the enforcement of U.S. antitrust laws ever
since the Sherman Act was enacted in 1890. The Supreme Court and federal and state
enforcement authorities have repeatedly recognized the role Congress envisioned for the
private plaintiff when it provided private parties a treble-damage remedy. As the Supreme
Court ...